860 results
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
Flowchart to diuretic ... Total loop diuretic ... a single loop diuretic ... #Diuretic #Diuresis ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... concentrating defect: • Diuretics ... • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
EKG Findings Causes ... disease • Thiazide diuretics ... #Differential #Causes ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
HFrEF: Guideline Directed Medical Therapy

"Must Be On"
 • ACEI, ARB, or ARNI AND select Beta Blockers
Can Be On" • Diuretics ... Reducing: • Diuretics ... Digoxin *Loop diuretics ... metolazone in diuretic ... medications #chf #cardiology
Loop diuretic PO --> IV conversions 

Furosemide 40 mg PO = Furosemide 20 mg IV =
Loop diuretic PO ... #Pharmacology #Cardiology ... #Loop #Diuretics
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... thiazide-like diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Pharmacology of diuretics ... Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics ... Thiazide‐like diuretics ... Absorption #Diuretics ... Thiazide #CHF #Cardiology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Metolazone Loop diuretics ... Potassium sparing diuretics ... loop #thiazide #classes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Hypokalemia - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Classification #Causes