23 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... consumption • Low ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Normal Acid-Base: Low ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting) • Low ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... aldosteronism Low ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... table #sodium #nephrology