2296 results
diagnosis causes algorithm management nephrology table cardiology pulmonary clinical radiology hematology neurology dermatology workup ddxof pediatrics comparison endocrinology infections pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
thiazide-like diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... , Osmotic diuresis ... mimics thiazide diuretic ... Hypokalemia #Causes #differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Hypernatremia - Differential ... concentrating defect: • Diuretics ... • Osmotic diuresis ... Hypernatremia #Differential
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased Urination - Differential ... • Physiologic Diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... disease, Loop Diuretics ... Increased #Urination #Differential
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift • Recovery From DKA • Refeeding Syndrome • Acute Respiratory
Hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Syndrome • Osmotic Diuresis ... Acetazolamide and Thiazide Diuretics ... #LowPhosphate #Differential
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Hypokalemia - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Hypernatremia #Differential
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Low Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #Hyponatremia #Differential
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Excess Intake of Water: • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia") •
of Polyuria - Differential ... a.k.a. osmotic diuresis ... : Conventional diuretics ... #Polyuria #Differential
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