469 results
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... fludrocortisone step 3 = diuretic ... determine response to diuretic ... #hyperkalemia ... #diuresis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic ... congenital), Thyrotoxic hypokalemic ... , Osmotic diuresis ... or induced) #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Urinary Losses - Diuretics ... proliferation - Hypokalemic ... DrEricStrong #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... • G-CSF • Hypokalemic ... • Discontinued diuretic ... MatthewHoMD #Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Hypothermia • Hypokalemic ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... foscarnet - Diuretics ... and other loop diuretics ... panitumumab) #Drugs #hypokalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... paralysis/familial hypokalemic ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... Liddle's syndrome #Hypokalemia
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... • Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... Urine Cl - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... syndrome #hypokalemia
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia ... Acute Hyperkalemia ... sodium bicarbonate, Diuretics ... ) - Effective diuretic ... therapy (loop diuretics
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
G-K), K-sparing diuretics ... improve GFR - Diuresis ... hypertonic Amp IVP • Diuretics ... (IV loop diuretic ... - IV loop diuretic