634 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #potassium
ACEI or ARB Initiation
Hyperkalemia:
 - Review concurrent drugs
 - Moderate potassium Intake
 - Consider: diuretics, sodium
drugs - Moderate potassium ... - Consider: diuretics ... - Review for causes ... medications (e.g., diuretics ... Initiation #monitoring #algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis 
step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic
step 2 = consider fludrocortisone
step
fludrocortisone step 3 = diuretic ... determine response to diuretic ... criticalcare #treatment #diuretics ... #diuresis #nephrology ... #algorithm
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... mannitol) 3) Loop diuretic ... Thiazides-type diuretics ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g.
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP DIURETICS ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... DIURETICS • Spironolactone ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
Flowchart to diuretic ... (B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... #Diuretic #Diuresis ... #CHF #Algorithm