13 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #differential #diagnosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... #differential #diagnosis ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Spinal stenosis - Abscess ... syphilis, and HIV ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... antibody, and HIV ... risk factors for HIV ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... #nephritic #nephrology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
is similar to PML ... bilateral white matter lesions ... lesions, which ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... disc • Epidural abscess ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... TB - Spinal abscess ... #neurology #differential
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... antibody, and HIV ... disease #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
• S - Saddle anesthesia ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... Spinal infection/abscess ... #causes #neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
ring-enhanced lesion ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... differential #TB #neurology