28 results
Demyelinating Diseases - Differential Diagnosis
 • Inflammatory: MS, ADEM, NMO, Paraneoplastic, Sjogren's, Polyarteritis nodosa, SLE
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... nodosa, SLE • Infectious ... : HIV, Lyme, Neurosyphilis ... , PML, HTLV-1 ... #causes #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential Diagnosis ... brain injury • Infectious ... Encephalitis, Brain Abscess ... #neurology
Microbial Etiology of Acute Pharyngitis - IDSA
Bacterial
 • Group A streptococcus - Pharyngotonsillitis, scarlet fever
 •
peritonsillar abscess ... Primary acute HIV ... Pharyngitis #IDSA #diagnosis ... #differential #causes ... #bacteria #microbiology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... polymicrobial infection ... • Most common cause ... Pathophysiology ... of PCN allergy
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
CMV infection: virus ... Diagnosis: Quantitative ... PCR and CMV pp65 ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
dementia Pathophysiology ... early stages of infection ... Diagnosis: MRI ... Findings: • Rule out infectious ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Infectious: • Pre-existing ... devices (CIED) Non-Infectious ... Hypercoagulable (APLAS) Microbiology ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... urinary tract infections ... Conditions: blue diaper ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology