12 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... Spinal infection/abscess ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Causes of Back Pain ... - Differential Diagnosis ... dysfunction, saddle paresthesia ... Symptoms • Cauda Equina ... Syndrome • Spondyloarthropathies
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... • Infection (abscess ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
Cardiopulmonary Syndrome ... +/- diarrhea Diagnosis ... #Hantavirus #diagnosis ... #management #treatment ... #microbiology #
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... : - Epidural abscess ... Paralysis 4) Paresthesia ... #differential #diagnosis ... extremity #msk #physicalexam
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Diagnostic ... pericardiocentesis, re-assess ... Plan definitive management ... • Prep and drape ... #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Sepsis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

Severe sepsis (hypotension persisting after initial fluid challenge of
likely underlying cause ... within 1 h (seek microbiology ... Discuss ongoing management ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Conditions: • Cauda Equina ... Syndrome - Low ... saddle (perineal) anesthesia ... Commonly caused ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis
Intraoperative Patient Fire - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Evidence of fire (smoke, heat, odour, flash, flame)
on patient or drapes ... • Remove all drapes ... avoid N2O • Assess ... Intraoperative #Checklist #Diagnosis ... #Management #Workup
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Spinal stenosis - Abscess ... Impotence - Saddle anesthesia ... involvement Cauda Equina ... loss - Saddle anesthesia ... #differential #diagnosis