13 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Imaging: - MRI ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... , but MRI will show ... lesions, which ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Infectious: Brain abscess ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
that results in CNS ... compressive cord lesion ... or optic nerve lesions ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Polymorphic skin lesions ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... factor • May cause ... #infectiousdiseases
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
equina syndrome (CES ... cord infarct • HIV ... Spinal infection/abscess ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
(IRIS): • In HIV ... stroke Tuberculous Abscess ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... or abruptly • CN ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... • K-Binding Resins