12 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Imaging: - MRI ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... Demyelinating disease caused ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... infections are common causes ... testing #workup #diagnosis ... glomerulonephritis #nephrotic ... #nephritic #nephrology
Primary and Secondary Headaches - Red Flags and Differential Diagnosis
Red Flags (SNOOP):
S - Systemic		
N - Neurologic
and Differential Diagnosis ... Encephalitis, Abscess ... #differential #causes ... primary #secondary #management ... #neurology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... infections are common causes ... disease #workup #diagnosis ... initial #testing #nephrology ... #nephrotic #nephritis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... Spinal infection/abscess ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Then, ask 3 questions ... Assess volume status ... #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
cord compression (MRI ... bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... Transverse Myelitis Diagnosis ... Transverse #Myelitis #diagnosis ... #management #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... only if no clear cause ... #potassium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... kidney disease, and nephrotic ... Kidney stones caused