10 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Diabetes ... Insipidus Workup ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Algorithm for Differentiating ... syndrome • Urine Chloride ... • Urine Ca/Cr ... #nephrology #hypokalemia ... #diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... the excretion of sodium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Cause ... • Fatigue Chloride ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... Pathophysiology #nephrology ... #diagnosis
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... Calcium 2-3g IV Ca-gluconate ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology