31 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... usually caused by ... Measure urine osmolality ... vaptans (HF/liver disease ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Differential Diagnosis ... history, exam, and urine ... DI; high dilute urine ... Dehydration: neurologic disease ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Diagnosis Turbid ... syndrome (blue diaper ... • Hartnup disease ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... volume-based algorithm Urine ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... thoracotomy is a better treatment ... • Low tidal ... volume, low/no PEEP ... • Prep and drape
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Central Dl (Low ... , Infiltrative diseases ... #Causes #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
UOP/weights - Urine ... Na/K/Cl/urea/protein ... - Pre-renal disease ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Kidney loss of Cl ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis