17 results
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
in HIV-AIDS Bacterial ... CBC/diff, Blood and ... Cryptococcal Ag, Urine ... #HIVAIDS #workup ... #diagnosis #evaluation
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Antimicrobial treatment ... #diagnosis #AIDS
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... PCR 50% sensitive ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... #differential #diagnosis
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
infects the CNS ... Diagnosis: MRI ... with low CD4 counts ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Hantavirus
Pathogen: Hantavirus - Rodents are the primary reservoir
Transmission:
 • Shed in the urine, feces, saliva of
• Shed in the urine ... common route of infection ... cellars, barns and ... Febrile illness + ARDS ... Treatment: •
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
of HIV/AIDS patients ... of a previously diagnosed ... be present: • AIDS ... pleural effusions, CNS ... leukoencephalopathy (PML
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies[PCH ... Agglutinin Syndrome (CAS ... hemolysis • C3↓ C4 ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH ... passage of red-brown urine
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Spot PC (protein ... present) - These infections ... glomerular #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Pneumonia: • PVL ... #HIV #AIDS #pulmonary
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Antibiotics (Bactrim, PCN ... reabsorption) Workup ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... #potassium #nephrology