265 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - EKG ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... toxicity • Paget's disease ... Granulomatous disease ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
La) - Sjogren's syndrome ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... - Vasculitis, e.g ... Goodpasture's syndrome ... diagnosis #table #rheumatology
EKG Interpretation Cheat Sheet
1) Rate 
 - Regular - Count-Off 
 - Irregular - Count number
EKG Interpretation ... junction origin (e.g ... within the atria (e.g ... WolffParkinson-White syndrome ... Interpretation #ECG
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Chemotherapy (e.g ... Post-splenectomy, Etc ... , Etc. ... valve induced, Etc ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
structural heart disease ... Congenital heart disease ... structural heart disease ... Channelopathies: Long/short QT ... Acquired long QT
 End Stage Liver Disease (Cirrhosis) - Complications 
 • Ascites
 • Esophageal Varices
 • Hepatic
End Stage Liver Disease ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... • Hepatorenal Syndrom ... management #summary #hepatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... cold agglutin disease ... . sickle cell disease ... differential #diagnosis #hematology
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
Churg-Strauss syndrome ... - Goodpasture syndrome ... - Schnitzler syndrome ... - Sjögren syndrome ... Vessels #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Approach to ECGs - Syncope Syndromes
Electrolytes
 • ↑K - brady, peak T, wide QRS, no P,
Approach to ECGs ... - Syncope Syndromes ... • ↑ Ca - short QT ... mchlwng #Syncope #Syndromes ... #ECG #EKG #Checklist
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... Diseases of the ... Patients with liver disease ... Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome ... #HPS #hepatology