1170 results
Causes of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia results from abnormal losses, transcellular shifts, or insufficient intake (Table 1).6–8 Abnormal losses
insufficient intake (Table ... significantly lower potassium ... excretion in response
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
• ↓ Renal K+ Excretion ... suggests ↓ renal excretion ... Elimination (see Table ... Management #Treatment #potassium
Here’s a review of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS)

This is a very common pathway that clinicians should
system ends with excreting ... potassium while ... reversed result of excreting ... of the sodium excretion ... will increase potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Intake • Reduced Excretion ... (IV potassium with ... reduced excretion
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
caused by excess potassium ... intake, impaired potassium ... excretion, or transcellular ... by increasing excretion ... , increased potassium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... excretion • Acute ... Drugs Increased potassium ... (oral/iv) • Potassium-rich ... algorithm #nephrology #potassium
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
that Impair Renal Potassium ... Excretion Decreased ... Pharmacology #Impaired #Potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... excretion: • ... Hyperkalemia #management #potassium
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion ... Impaired Urinary Excretion ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table