281 results
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Feedback Loop: Prolactin ... Prolactin #PRL #FeedbackLoop
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
Feedback Loop: Growth ... GrowthHormone #GH #FeedbackLoop
Considerations for Crystalloids - 0.9% NS vs LR vs Plasma-Lyte
 - Causes hyperkalemia?
 - Safe to
Plasma-Lyte - Causes ... - Causes lactic ... - Can cause a NAGMA ... per @kidney_boy feedback
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Malignant HTN • Renal ... thrombosis • Renal ... Sickle cell) • Renal ... Compression of left renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Hyperkalemia is caused ... with impaired renal ... rarely the sole cause ... and underlying renal
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
Causes of acute ... classified into pre-renal ... , renal, and post-renal ... causes. ... Renal causes of
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... tubulo-glomerular feedback
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework 
Pre-Renal
Post-Renal
Intrinsic Renal:
 • Tubules (ATN)
 • Glomerular:
Causes of Acute ... Framework Pre-Renal ... Post-Renal Intrinsic ... Renal: • Tubules ... #KidneyInjury #Causes
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Ovulation Explained

Around Day 14, estrogen exerts sudden +++ positive feedback
sudden +++ positive feedback ... negative to positive feedback ... and release LH causes
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
shift • Saline Causes ... Tubuloglomerular feedback ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and renal ... • Saline May Cause