22 results
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Signs ... Reticulocytes • Abnormal ... Hypersplenism, Infection ... #Algorithm #hematology
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MD) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
myelo (marrow) -dys- (abnormal) -plastic (shape) = funny-shaped cells
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ... marrow) -dys- (abnormal ... cytopenias (usually anemia ... risk-stratification • Risks: infection ... Myelodysplastic #Syndrome
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Internal (RBC) - Infections ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal ... #hematology
Aplastic Anemia - Overview

Who?
• M = F
• 3 peaks:	1) Childhood	2) 15-25 years	3) >60 years

What?
• Aplastic anemia
Neutropenia - recurrent infections ... Idiopathic • Infections ... (MDS) (normal or ... #oncology #hematology ... #diagnosis #management
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... nose, ears, or fingers ... • Symptoms of anemia ... anemia • Cold ... #hematology #diagnosis
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
sensory symptoms or signs ... nervous system signs ... except in Miller Fisher ... Recent diphtheritic infection ... #neurology #neuropathy
Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)

What?
CVID: Immunodeficiency disorder with hypogammaglobulinemia -> increased infection risk secondary to impaired B-cell
late adulthood • Diagnosis ... autoimmune hemolytic anemia ... levels are within normal ... : • Nephrotic syndrome ... (Epstein-Barr syndrome
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
petechiae) • Frequent infections ... • Parvovirus infection ... cell types are abnormal ... cells might look abnormal ... #diagnosis #hematology
Nail Pathologies - Findings in or Near Nails

Paronychia 

A superficial infection of the proximal and lateral
include diabetes, anemia ... seen in Reiter's syndrome ... Nail #Diseases #Abnormal ... #Pathology #Diagnosis ... #Clinical #Signs
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
- Differential Diagnosis ... resolution falling to normal ... schistosomiasis • Pyemia ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign ... #Differential #Diagnosis