9 results
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Josef Brudzinski ... flexion causes spinal ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pediatrics #Peds
Causes of Pediatric Constipation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Dietary / Functional:
 • Insufficient Volume / Bulk
Neurologic:
 •
Causes of Pediatric ... Hirschsprung's Disease • Spinal ... Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... • Muscular Dystrophy ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... constipation Differential ... lumbar stenosis • Vascular ... distinguishing feature ... #differential #
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... such as fibular fracture ... - Narrowing of spinal ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential ... • Symptoms and signs ... compression by fractured ... Vascular/Blockage ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Leg Pain: • Fracture ... deficiency etc) • Spinal ... #diagnosis #lower ... extremity #msk #physicalexam
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... cortical lesions • Vascular ... Reversible course Differential ... BP lowering - Lower ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
Other Congenital Syndromes ... - Spinal Cord ... Muscular Atrophy ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds ... #Pediatrics
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
is also a late sign ... of the back and spine ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam ... #Examination #Peds ... #Pediatrics #Diagnosis