29 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... and radiographic features ... Imaging: - MRI ... Demyelinating disease caused ... #AIDS #opportunistic
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
Imaging (if atypical symptoms ... ): MRI+gad (stroke ... sarcoid or other CNS ... inflammatory cause ... Management #Treatment #Neurology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... Pancreatitis • Pulmonary ... #AIDS #diagnosis
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... lesions • 80% with lung ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 • Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
diseases in HIV ... /AIDS Patients ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... #differential #diagnosis ... #chestCT #radiology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... • Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Diagnosis Framework ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Constitutional symptoms ... factor • May cause ... #AIDS #pulmonary
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Greater Trochanter Fracture ... pathophysiology #causes ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis #msk
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... nervous system (CNS ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... BEE #Syndromes #neurology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Neurologic ... symptoms suggest ... a mass as the cause ... Orbital Floor Fracture ... Cranial Nerve IV