96 results
Endocarditis Algorithm - Infective vs Noninfective Causes
Noninfective:
 • Malignancy
 • Autoimmune disease
 • Systemic infection
Native Valve
vs Noninfective Causes ... HACEK • Culture-negative ... bacilli • Fungi ... bacilli • Fungi ... #Noninfective #Causes
Microorganisms Responsible for Infective Endocarditis

Native valves:
 - Streptococcus viridans 
 - Enterococci 
 - Other streptococci
epidermidis - Gram-negative ... bacilli - Fungi ... ) - Culture negative ... bacilli - Fungi ... streptococci - Culture negative
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
Important Fungal ... cell response to fungi ... doesn't stain most fungi ... • India ink - "Negative ... staining #diagnosis #fungi
Causes of Culture Negative Abscess - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Consider prior antibiotics as a cause of a
Causes of Culture ... Negative Abscess ... antibiotics as a cause ... of a negative culture ... Scedosporium, endemic fungi
1,3 Beta-D-Glucan and Galactomannan - Pathogens, and Testing Characteristics
1,3 ß-D-glucan:
 • Most fungi excluding mucor and
ß-D-glucan: • Most fungi ... Glucan-containing gauzes ... inconsistently in other fungi ... InfectiousDiseases #Diagnosis #Fungus ... #Fungi #Fungal
Transplant Infections Timeline
Pre-transplant:
 • Common bacteria (endogenous): Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative bacilli (gut)
 • Viruses: HSV (reactivation)
Engraftment:
Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative ... difficile (gut) • Fungi ... Adenovirus, RSV • Fungi ... reactivation), RSV • Fungi ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Causes of blood culture negative infective endocarditis

Bartonella spp, Brucella spp, Coxiella burnetii, Chlamydia spp, Tropheryma whipplei,
Causes of blood ... culture negative ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... febrilepodcast] #BCNIE #Causes ... #culture #negative
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
Pulmonary Infections ... > 200: Endemic fungi ... Aspergillus spp, Endemic fungi ... • CD4 < 200: Pulmonary ... ID_fellows #Pulmonary
Microbial Resistance to Disinfectants

Most Resistant -> Least Resistant
- Bacterial Spore
- Mycobacteria
- Small, non-enveloped viruses
- Fungi
- Gram
non-enveloped viruses - Fungi ... - Gram Negative
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
Blood Culture-Negative ... fastidious bacteria or fungi ... but important causes ... Tropheryma whipplei, Fungi ... bacteria) and 18S ( fungi