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Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... subnephrotic range (< 3.5 g/ ... but in severe cases ... proteinuria (> 3.5 g/
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
for Albumin for Management ... injury (≥ 1B) - 1 g/ ... days then 20-40 g/ ... #Indications #Management
Causes of Ascites
Normal Peritoneum
Portal hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/dL)
  1. Hepatic congestionl
Causes of Ascites ... hypertension (SAAG > 1.1 g/ ... conditions (SAAG < 1.1 g/ ... Myxedema (SAAG 2 1.1 g/ ... peritonitis #Ascites #Causes
Treatment of Syphilis
Early:
 • Penicillin G, 2.4 million units IM once OR
 • Doxycycline 100mg BID
• Penicillin G, ... • Penicillin G, ... • Penicillin G, ... Syphilis #Treatment #management
Management of Lupus Nephritis
Lupus nephritis (LN) in 10 to 40% of SLE
Hallmark = proteinuria 20.5 g/g
Management of Lupus ... proteinuria 20.5 g/ ... g or 0.5 g/day → ... Lupus #Nephritis #Management ... #treatment #management
GOLDMARK - Mnemonic for Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
G - Glycols
O - Oxoproline
L - L-Lactate
D - D-Lactate
M
Metabolic Acidosis G ... #differential #causes
MAGIC DR – a handy mnemonic used to remember the potential causes of a cerebral ring
the potential causes ... A – Abscess G
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Maintenance: 10 g ... intervals in 5-g ... QoD to 15 g QD ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... hypokalemia); nausea
Cardiac Arrest in Pregnancy In-Hospital ACLS Algorithm
Potential Etiology of Maternal Cardiac Arrest:
A - Anesthetic complications
B -
Embolic F - Fever G ... General nonobstetric causes
Multiple Myeloma and Monoclonal Gammopathies
C - HyperCalcemia- calcium > 11 mg/dL / >1 mg/dL the ULN
R
Hemoglobin < 10 g/ ... dL or <2 g/dl LLN ... Causes of false- ... amyloidosis Other causes