860 results
Intra-renal urea recycling to maintain the medullary osmotic gradient

Dr. Muner Mohamed @MunerMohamed1

#urea #recycling #osmotic #gradient #pathophysiology
medullary osmotic gradient ... recycling #osmotic #gradient ... #pathophysiology
Pathophysiology Of Constriction
Exaggerated Ventricular Interdependence:
 • Limited Cardiac Filling due to Fixed Volume → Septum Shifts
Pathophysiology ... equally → MV Inflow Gradient ... chambers. ↓ MV Inflow Gradient ... #pericarditis #pathophysiology
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
Clinical Findings Grading ... #orthopedics #Grading ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Post-TAVR Suicide Left Ventricle
Pre-TAVR: High afterload from aortic stenosis leads to compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy and
Intra-Cavitary Gradients ... diagnosis #management #pathophysiology
Clavicular Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Group I (69%) - Middle third (mid-shaft)
Group II (29%) - Distal
Clavicular #Fracture #Grading ... #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
High Flow Nasal Cannula
Putative beneficial mechanisms of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) 
oxygen therapy. EELV, end-expiratory
capillary-alveolar gradient ... highflownasalcannula #pathophysiology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Increased pressure gradient ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
Classification #Grades #Grading ... complications #pathophysiology
Severity of Aortic Stenosis in Adults 
Current ACC/AHA guidelines recommend cut-off values for Doppler-echocardiographic measurements of
0.6 cm2/m2, mean gradient ... transvalvular gradient ... , inconsistent grading ... <1 cm2 with a gradient
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Approach to the A-a Gradient ... A-a gradient = ... PAO2 - PaO2 A-a gradient ... - PaO2 Normal Gradient ... A-a Gradient