131 results
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (blood). Typical morphologic features are bilobed ("butterfly") nuclei with dispersed chromatin, subtle to
overt cytoplasmic granules ... , and Auer rods. ... features in most ... cases, even the ... promyelocytic #leukemia #APL
A 37-year-old woman initially presented with pancytopenia and found to have leukopenia (2.1 × 103/μL) with
abundant cytoplasmic granules ... decreased secondary granules ... In addition to APL ... , Auer rods in neutrophils ... Rods #AuerRods #APL
Here are very large, immature myeloblasts with many nucleoli. A distincitve feature of these blasts is
a linear red "Auer ... of crystallized granules ... most prevalent in ... Smear #Microscopy #Auer ... Rods #AuerRods #AML
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... tubular proteinuria, granular ... casts/RTE; blend ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... but can be seen in ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... Non-specific; seen in ... ) • Granular Casts
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... nonspecific; seen in ... concentrated urine Granular ... Muddy-brown" heme-granular ... in acute tubular
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
from anywhere in ... = inflammation in ... renal disease • Granular ... • “Muddy brown cast ... crystals can be found in
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
, CML, AML, APML ... leukemias > 20% blasts in ... infections, bone pain ... Age: 50-60 • Auer ... distinctive primary granules
Blood Disorders - Markers and Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Acute
 • Myloid (AML) - CD13, CD33, CD34,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acute • Myloid (AML ... , Sudan Black, Auer ... • Lymphoid (ALL ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm