10 results
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
ejection fraction; GDMT ... heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF ... #ACCAHA #Algorithm ... #Management #Cardiology
Checklist for the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension
 • Record estimated PASP
 • Evaluate RV size
Hypertension ... Estimate volume status ... • Evaluate for causes ... Sanjiv Shah @HFpEF ... Echocardiography #diagnosis
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Heart Failure - Diagnosis ... improve functional status ... patients with HFrEF ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF ... #management #algorithm
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Pericarditis, CAD, HFrEF ... /HFpEF, Intracardiac
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... release Diagnosis ... endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF ... #management #cardiology
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Ejection Fraction: Management ... the congestive state ... , pulmonary hypertension ... ineffective) #Management ... #Cardiology #HFpEF
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
Presence of pulmonary ... other obvious causes ... - Mechanism: causes ... improved functional status ... #diagnosis #management
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis ... and Management ... malignant, pediatric cases ... >40C), mental status ... may present with pulmonary
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... heart disease • Hypertensive ... cardiomyopathy • Pulmonary ... pre-eclampsia, hypertension ... pregnancy, teratogenic GDMT
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+