11 results
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
neuromuscular disease, ↓ chest ... Shunt: Cardiac, Vascular ... , Alveolar • V ... #Algorithm #pulmonary ... #Aa #Gradient
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Alveoli • Pneumonia ... Interstitium • ILD • CHF
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Chest Pain:
 • Myocardium:
	- Myocarditis
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
	- Myopericarditis
Diagnosis Framework ... Myopericarditis • Vascular ... - Tamponade Pulmonary ... Pleuritis • Alveoli ... : - CHF - Pneumonia
Non-Resolving Pneumonias: Etiologies
Unusual Infections:
 - Immunocompromised patients (e.g.: Mycobacterium, Aspergillosis, Nocardia)
 - Endemic Fungi (e.g.: Histoplasmosis,
PNA (acute or chronic ... - Alveolar proteinosis ... vascular abnormalities ... /PE, CHF) - Drug ... NonResolving #Pneumonia #diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Age-Adjusted Gradient • Alveolar ... Hypoventilation Syndrome, Muscular ... UnremarkableLab #AA ... #Gradient #alveolar ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Pleural effusion, Pulmonary ... decompensated CHF ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Based on the images alone, it is usually not possible to determine the cause of the
like acute or chronic ... between these chest ... filling of the alveoli ... #Clinical #Diagnosis ... Consolidation #Causes #RadiologyAssistant
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
*Chronic HFrEF may ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... Chest x-ray: signs ... Kerley B lines, alveolar ... #heartfailure #diagnosis
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the result of insufficient output because of cardiac failure, high resistance
heart failure (CHF ... finally into the alveoli ... can be seen on a chest-film ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... Findings #Diagram #RadiologyAssistant
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
Increased pulmonary ... features on the chest ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages ... Findings #Signs #RadiologyAssistant