11 results
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
Causes of HyperKalemia ... lysis syndrome • Metabolic ... Elimination: • AKI • Hypovolemia ... blockers - MCW Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hypovolemia, UNa ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... wasting syndrome Hypovolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm Acidosis ... NephTwitter) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Diagnosis Baseline ... remains unclear AND hypovolaemia ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential ... disorders including hypokalemia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... #causes #Differential
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Family history of hypokalemia ... • Unexplained hypokalemia ... pressure Labs: • Hypokalemia ... #nephrology #management ... pathophysiology #Hypokalemia
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... - Shock - Hypovolemia ... #Diagnosis #causes
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... • Treatment of ... #management #neurology