43 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... hematuria and/or proteinuria ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... HSP • Post-infectious ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC/WBC casts, proteinuria ... Diagnosis #EM #IM #Urology ... #Differential #Algorithm
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Acute: - Primary Neurologic ... demyelination), Infectious ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome ... allopurinol), Infection ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... DAH, rule out infection ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Dysfunction - Imbalance, neurologic ... symptoms/signs, ... nystagmus - Infection ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... extremities (ischemia, infarction ... #nephrotic #syndrome ... #nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
deposits - Post-infectious ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... Hematuria: • Infection
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Metabolism • Reye's Syndrome ... Disturbances Neurologic ... Urinary Tract Infection ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Meningeal signs ... lesion • CNS infection ... #neurology #PHANTOMS