15 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... encephalopathies #encephalopathy ... #patterns #MRI ... #Neurology #pathology ... #diseases #radiology
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... Seizure, Migraine, Trauma ... Neoplasm-related (brain ... neurocognitive disease ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
and Metabolic Brain ... Pons: ODS #MRI ... Toxicology #Metabolic #Brain ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... Compatible syndrome + MRI ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Causes of Hypotonic Infant (Floppy Newborn) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Central Nervous System - Decreased LOC, Axial
- Differential Diagnosis ... Normal Reflexes - Brain ... Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy ... Atrophy • Trauma ... • Central Core
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
heart valves • MRI ... brain for cerebral ... often seen • MRI ... brain for cerebral ... - Infectious Diseases
Leigh Syndrome 
History: 19-month-old girl with hypotonia, developmental 
delay, failure to thrive, and bilateral optic disc
DWI+ in acute disease ... patterns (this case ... Syndrome #Clinical #MRI ... #Brain #Diagnosis ... #Radiology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... parietal lobes of the brain ... may precede the neurologic ... Shock, Autoimmune disease ... #management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
through the blood-brain ... Classic HIV Encephalopathy ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
- Differential Diagnosis ... spinal cord and brain ... of patients MRI ... of patients MRI ... Pachymeningitis #HP #Neurology