25 results
Shock Classification and Differential Diagnosis
SHOCK
 • MAP <65, SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 •
Shock Classification ... SVR, JVP >8, CVP ... SVR, JVP < 6, CVP ... Sophia_Hayes_MD #Shock #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Types
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA) Type 1 ... proximal features and high ... diet #Renal #Tubular ... #classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
excess - Renal tubular ... acidosis (Types ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... hypokalemia • Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... #nephrology #potassium
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Normal • Renal tubular ... cells - Acute tubular ... - Up to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... - Any type of renal
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... chloridorrhea - High-volume ... dehydrogenase type ... syndrome • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... Hypercalcemia, Renal tubular ... acidosis (type ... Mycoplasma infections, High ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Shock Classification ... Types - Pathophysiology ... in blood flow caused ... Depends on the cause ... and normal or high
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... Proximal RTA (type ... (classic) RTA (type ... Potassium-sparing
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
phlebotomy High ... • Recent IV potassium ... Failure • SLE • Type ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #potassium #high