21 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... Incontinence • Saddle Anesthesia ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
10,000 ft) • Symptoms ... with exertion, difficulty ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... decreased respiratory rate
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... high WBC count cause ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... : • Pathophysiology ... proliferation rate
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... • Natural history ... Pulmonary: dyspnea ... acute sarcoidosis Pulmonary ... anterior/posterior MSK
Approach to Undifferentiated Shock - OnePager Summary
Shock occurs when there is inadequate blood flow (CO) &
essential to determine treatment ... CCB, BB, BRASH syndrome ... Cardiac Tamponade, Pulmonary ... develop low CO later ... cytokine release syndrome
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... • S - Saddle anesthesia ... - Emergency Causes ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
changes and may cause ... deficiency (thiamine) Late ... overload) Other Symptoms ... hyperparathyroidism Treatment ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
source; oral, enteral ... - CHF - Pulmonary ... Constipation - MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... necrosis (7-14 days later ... CXR upright or lat ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
without other cause ... ARDS to explain symptoms ... : 33% • Treatment ... CKD, CHF, high rate ... , and CXR with pulmonary