125 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... intrinsic renal disease ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Lyme Disease: Early and Late Clinical manifestations
Stage 1. Localized
 • EM appears 7-14 days at the
Lyme Disease: Early ... and Late Clinical ... Localized • EM ... days-weeks after EM ... • Heralded by neurologic
Petechiae are small, red lesions caused when capillaries leak blood into the skin. Petechiae larger than
small, red lesions caused ... cm are purpura #Clinical ... #EM #IM #Derm #
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... #IM #Endo #DKA
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
symptoms (HA, nausea ... , liver, renal disease ... history #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Nephro #Hyponatremia
Hydrophobia on Physical Examination

Seen in the late stages of rabies.  Caused by painful paroxysmal contractions
Seen in the late ... Caused by painful ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Syphilis, Lyme disease ... Charcot-Marie-Tooth, Fabry's disease ... Willis via UNC IM ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Bell's Palsy
Bell’s Palsy is a damage, acute weakness, or paralysis of the Facial nerve (7th CN),
an identifiable cause ... but its clinically ... Burgdorferi (Lymes disease ... #Bells #Palsy #neurology ... #anatomy #pathophysiology
Lyme Disease: Clinical diagnosis. Likely if recent hiking, travel to endemic area, erythema migrans (EM), an
Lyme Disease: Clinical ... erythema migrans (EM ... doxycycline for disease ... Symptoms #Early #Late
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... share the same pathophysiology ... • Other rare causes ... Cardiovascular disease ... endocrinology #pathophysiology