49 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified ... by UW IM Residency
Hydrophobia on Physical Examination

Seen in the late stages of rabies.  Caused by painful paroxysmal contractions
Seen in the late ... Caused by painful ... clinical #video #neurology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... syndrome, Eclampsia, Late ... Hyperreflexia #Testing #Causes ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Pathyophysiology - hyperglycemic crises in patients with diabetes 
Key signs/symptoms of HHS/DKA:
Both: Polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss,
Pathyophysiology ... hyperglycemic crises ... seizure) #Pathophys #EM ... #IM #Endo #DKA
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Etiologies of Peripheral Neuropathy
 • Metabolic / Nutritional: DiabetesB12 deficiency, Uremia/ESRD, Hypothyroidism
 • Medication-induced: ART, Antibiotics,
Willis via UNC IM ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Bell's Palsy
Bell’s Palsy is a damage, acute weakness, or paralysis of the Facial nerve (7th CN),
an identifiable cause ... The cause is unknown ... #Bells #Palsy #neurology ... #anatomy #pathophysiology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
intake, Diuretics (late ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... Correction #goal #rate ... #management #nephrology
Diabetes – diabetic nephropathy
Majority of the literature in the area is applied to the diabetic nephropathy
be the primary cause ... - Cytokines #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #CKD