30 results
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
Alcohol Use Disorder ... Tolerance (reduced sensitivity ... Recurrent use of alcohol ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... syndrome PRA: plasma renin ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #differential #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... artery stenosis, Renin-secreting ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ... Gitelman #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
Benign Prostatic ... ) -> Increased Sensitivity ... inflammation #BPH #Benign ... Hyperplasia #Prostate #Pathophysiology ... #Medications #Pharmacology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... DM (visit 2), Diagnosis ... steroids) • Renin-Angiotensin ... stimulation (OCP) • Alcohol ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
right with bands being ... Differential Diagnosis ... counts may delay diagnosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
History of excessive alcohol ... deficiency (thiamine) Late ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures
Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
They may begin with ... tonic—clonic seizures begin ... withdrawal from alcohol ... Classification #Diagnosis ... #Neurology #Signs