25 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... (late) • High ... Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa > 20: • Renal ... losses, Diuretic ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis ... - Salicylates (late ... Addison disease - Renal ... Diagnosis #Acidosis #Alkalosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... common in the later ... , address diuretic ... contraction metabolic alkalosis ... Early nephrologv
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... , Osmotic diuresis ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Periodic paralysis Alkalosis ... Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Causes #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... Inhibitors of Renal ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Thiazide or loop diuretics ... after renal tubule ... diuretic effect ... generally indicates a renal ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology