23 results
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis ... - Diagnostic Algorithm ... - Salicylates (late ... Addison disease - Renal ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... intake, Diuretics (late ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Renal artery stenosis ... Diagnosis #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... intake, Diuretics (late ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... #nephrology #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... bone syndrome • Renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... UNa > 20: • Renal ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... - fevers • renal ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Diagnosis #Framework #Workup ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... #Workup #urology