53 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
intake, Diuretics (late ... ) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - ... iniury, Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Iinitial rate: 1
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
intake, Diuretics (late ... ) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High ... PRA: Renal artery ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - ... - Compartment syndrome ... • Hypocalcemia/Late ... • HAGMA • Late ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Defects Fanconi Syndrome ... tubule Bartter Syndrome ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... • HTN, High Aldosterone ... , Gitelman syndrom ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High PTH
LOW PTH - Hypoparathyroid
 - Congenital (Pediatric)
Algorithm - Low and High ... Hypomagnesemia HIGH ... • Chronic Renal ... Tumor lysis syndrome ... , rhabdomyolysis
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... • Increased renal ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Workup for Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hyperphosphatemia: paraproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia, liposomal amphotericin
• Endogenous: Rhabdomyolysis ... , Tumor lysis syndrome ... CKD Increased Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... (Pulmonary and renal ... infiltrates) → high ... #diagnosis #nephrology