61 results
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
Anterior Shoulder ... muscle, tendon, ligaments ... muscles, tendons, ligaments ... Dislocation #Diagnosis #signs ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Humeral Avulsion of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament (HAGL)
 • Imaging Findings:
 • Large defect of the
cause of anterior shoulder ... Usually anterior shoulder ... Differential diagnosis ... GAGL): "Reverse J sign ... #shoulder #clinical
Diabetes Insipidus vs Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) - Comparison Table

Diabetes Insipidus - Inadequate ADH
SIADH -
Comparison #Table #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder ... joint capsule ligaments ... healthy, flexible ligaments ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Common Hand Fractures on X-Ray
Mallet finger - injury to the lateral extensor slips
Boutonniere deformity - injury
ulnar collateral ligament ... Scapholunate ligament ... Terry thomas sign ... Radiology #Wrist #differential
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome (SIS): Signs and Symptoms

Repetitive Overhead Activity, Scapular Dyskinesis -> Scapulohumeral mechanics become altered
Shoulder Impingement ... Syndrome (SIS): Signs ... abduction + Neer's sign ... SIS #diagnosis #signs ... symptoms #msk #pathophysiology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
the etiology Signs ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
shearing injury -> Ligaments ... onto lateral hip Signs ... msk #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Signs/Symptoms: ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology