31 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... Clinical Presentation ... anemiaCold ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... younger pts) Differential
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Warm AIHA • Cold ... circulation - Infections ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... AIHA • PCH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... : Influenza, EBV ... : CHF, valves, COPD ... ILD, OSA, pHTN, Anemia ... #Diagnosis #causes
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Diagnostic Framework ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... #differential # ... #anemia
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... for Hemolytic Anemia ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... drug induced • Infections ... Diagnosis #causes
Causes of Secondary IgA Nephropathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • GI disorders: Celiac disease, Crohn's disease,
Causes of Secondary ... Nephropathy - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... myeloma, Lymphomas, RCC ... Pulm disorders: COPD
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... Tamponade • Chronic: Anemia ... , Anaphylaxis, Infection ... : Tumor, Vocal cord
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... - Secondary Infectious ... alpha-methyldopa COLD ... #AIHA #Diagnosis ... #Differential #
Microbial Etiology of Acute Pharyngitis - IDSA
Bacterial
 • Group A streptococcus - Pharyngotonsillitis, scarlet fever
 •
Rhinovirus - Common cold ... Coronavirus - Common cold ... Parainfluenza - Cold ... #differential # ... causes #bacteria
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
Tachypnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... • Asthma • COPD ... Tachypnea: • Anemia ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary