23 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... #EM #IM #Urology ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Syphilis • Pyogenic Abscess ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... : Influenza, EBV ... Rhabdomyolysis, Critical ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
should be based on clinical ... Inferomedial temporal lobes ... tuberculomas, or abscesses ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease caused
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... polymicrobial infection ... Lung Abscess - Clinical ... seen • Chest CT ... Differential Diagnosis
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... (MS), Epidural abscess ... , Infarction, Syringomyelia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
antimicrobials, clinical ... but important causes ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... factors: - Serology ... #differential #
Alexia Without Agraphia
Alexia without agraphia is a disconnection syndrome where patients cannot read but can write.
the most common cause ... Pathophysiology: PCA ... angular gyrus Clinical ... Alexia #Agraphia #clinical ... #neurology #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
lumbar spine • MCC ... Diagnosis: • ... /abscess • Ankylosing ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... virus • CMV • EBV ... • Common clinical ... rav7ks #CNS #Infections ... diagnosis #neurology