66 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... scheme) e.g., mannitol ... #Causes
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
overdose) - Sodium ... Furosemide and other loop ... Thiazides - Mannitol ... diagnosis #nephrology #Causes
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation ... Algorithm Step ... Diagnosis #Workup #Evaluation ... #Algorithm #Sodium
Evaluation Algorithm of Patients with Bleeding

#Differential #Bleeding #Superficial #Deep #Causes #Algorithm #Hematology
Evaluation Algorithm ... Superficial #Deep #Causes ... #Algorithm #Hematology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Mannitol ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Metolazone Loop ... ), Isosorbide, Mannitol ... as no effect on sodium ... nephrology #conversion #loop ... #thiazide #classes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (Edematous) - Look ... treat underlying cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... hyperglycemia • mannitol ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... following a single loop ... Diuresis #CHF #Algorithm
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Causes of Generalized ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased renal sodium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes