66 results
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol ... #Hyponatremia #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #workup
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Mannitol ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... scheme) e.g., mannitol ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
- Differential Diagnosis ... load (Na, urea, mannitol ... kidney disease, Loop ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
Furosemide and other loop ... Thiazides - Mannitol ... #differential #diagnosis
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... hyperglycemia • mannitol ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Algorithm
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
IVIG( sucrose), Mannitol ... #differential #diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
Remote Diuretics - Loop ... Recent Diuretics - Loop ... metabolic #alkalosis #algorithm ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis. This algorithm provides a general approach
Approach to the Diagnosis ... This algorithm provides ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hepatology #SBP ... #Algorithm #SpontaneousBacterialPeritonitis