41 results
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Diagnostic Approach ... Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... #Hyponatremia #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #workup
Shock - Findings, Signs and Symptoms by Classification
 - Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Distributive (Vasodilation)
and Symptoms by Classification ... obstruction to blood flow ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Classification ... #Table #CriticalCare
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Mannitol ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... scheme) e.g., mannitol ... , glucosuria Low ... #Algorithm #Causes
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
- Differential Diagnosis ... load (Na, urea, mannitol ... urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... Increased intake (low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Low ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Classification
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm GI Losses ... • Diuretics (loop ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... by Classification ... obstruction to blood flow ... #Classification ... #Table #CriticalCare