33 results
Diagnostic Approach to Hyponatremia
Box A:
 • Normo/hyperosmolar Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol, Glycine, Contrast media, Maltose
 • Pseudohyponatremia:
Hyponatremia: Glucose, Mannitol ... Primary Polydipsia, Low ... Hyponatremia #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #workup
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypercalcemia Low ... PTHrP: - Low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • HTN Absent: Loop ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... scheme) e.g., mannitol ... , glucosuria Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Gynecomastia - Differential Diagnosis a
nd Workup Algorithm
Gynecomastia is common in clinical practice, affecting ~50% of males
Gynecomastia - Differential ... Diagnosis a nd Workup ... Algorithm Gynecomastia ... How to approach? ... #Diagnosis #Workup
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased Urination - Differential ... load (Na, urea, mannitol ... urine (usually low ... kidney disease, Loop ... Increased intake (low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop ... Hypomagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #workup
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Diuretics (loop ... NonGap #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm