31 results
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... empagliflozin LOOP ... • Mannitol VASOPRESSIN ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... #summary #table
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... (e.g. mannitol) ... 3) Loop diuretic ... Thiazides-type diuretics ... pharmacology #nephrology #medications
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... Total loop diuretic ... following a single loop ... #CHF #Algorithm ... HeartFailure #Cardiology #Management
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Acetazolamide, Loop ... diuretics, MRA, ... Pharmacology #Comparison #Table ... HalfLife #Dosing #Loop ... CHF #Cardiology #Management
HFrEF: Guideline Directed Medical Therapy

"Must Be On"
 • ACEI, ARB, or ARNI AND select Beta Blockers
Can Be On" • Diuretics ... • Digoxin *Loop ... diuretics preferred ... patients #hfref #management ... #medications #chf
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
(Mannitol) • ... irrigation • Management ... +2Cl- Symport (Loop ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
foscarnet - Diuretics ... Furosemide and other loop ... diuretics ... Thiazides - Mannitol ... hypomagnesemia #Medications
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm ... consider adding loop ... diuretic Reset ... -> free water diuresis ... #Management
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Loop and ... thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hyperglycemia, Mannitol ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm