30 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
- AKI Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... syndrome: troponin ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... AlgorithmLow ... Hyperphosphatemia, Acute ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... alkalosis, Hungry bone syndrome ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... FGF-23: Fanconi syndrome
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
Guillain Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... , Mild sensory symptoms ... Miller Fisher syndrome-Bickerstaff ... Guillain #Barre #Syndrome
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... anemia) • G-CSF ... • Refeeding syndrome ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #Nephrology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... Cord Syndrome - ... Posterior Cord Syndrome ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #signs #symptoms
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Low Kidney Phosphate ... Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... FGF23: Fanconi Syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... lyme • Altered mental ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... arteritis • Acute ... #Algorithm #neurology