1694 results
Acute Kidney Injury - RIFLE and AKIN Criteria for Diagnosis and Classification of AKI
 • AKIN
Increase in SCr ≥ 0.3 mg ... /dL or increase ... /dL with an acute ... /dL; or on RRT ... Classification #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
meq/L] + [BUN mg ... /dL]/2.8 + [glucose ... mg/dL]/18 HIGH ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Fractional Excretion of Phosphate FEPO4
FEPO4 = Fractional Excretion of Phosphate (%) = [PO4 (Urine) * Creatinine
Creatinine (S, mg ... /dL) Cr = Creatinine ... (U, mg/dL) B= blood ... FEPO4 #phosphorus #nephrology
Causes of Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Serum phosphate level >4.5 mg/dL
 • Spurious hyperphosphatemia
 • True
phosphate level >4.5 mg ... /dL • Spurious ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
excretion rate: < 30 mg ... excretion rate: 30-300 mg ... ratio: 30-300 mg ... hypoalbuminemia (<3.0 g/dL ... classification #CKD #nephrology
Hypermagnesemia - Diagnosis and Management

Hypermagnesemia is a serum magnesium concentration > 2.6 mg/dL.
Symptoms include hyporeflexia, hypotension,
concentration > 2.6 mg ... /dL. ... Mg >2.4 mg/dl independent ... gluconate may reverse Mg-induced ... Management #magnesium #nephrology
Definitions of AKI, CKD, AKD
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI):
 • Increase in SCr by 2 50% within
in SCr by 2 0.3 mg ... /dl (2 26.5 gmol ... #Definitions #nephrology
Citrate Anticoagulation Toxicity

Hypernatremia (HyperNa):
 - Citrate solutions may have ↑ sodium content and should be paired
Citrate binds Mg ... circulation → ↓Mg ... the Total Ca (mg ... /dL) by 0.25 to ... Toxicity #toxicology #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
if levels > 8 mg ... /dL #Rhabdomyolysis ... causes #treatment #nephrology
The Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) Scoring System
CRP (mg/dL), 
WBC (per mm3), 
Hemoglobin (g/dL),
Scoring System CRP (mg ... /dL), WBC (per ... , Creatinine (mg ... /dL), Glucose ... (mg/dL), Score