58 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine sediment Microscopic ... pain + gross or microscopic ... hematuria • Signs ... - Can cause microscopic ... causes #urology #nephrology
Urine Microscopy Instructions
1) Spin fresh urine sample (10-15mL) in a centrifuge for 3-5 minutes - Don't
Urine Microscopy ... one drop on a microscope ... whole slide under lower ... power (casts may ... #Instructions #nephrology
Gowers' Sign on Physical Exam

Seen in this patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)

#Gowers #Sign #PhysicalExam #neurology
Gowers' Sign on ... dystrophy (DMD) #Gowers ... #Sign #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #clinical
Glomerulonephritis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
ANCA:
 • C-ANCA: GPA (Wegener's)
 • P-ANCA: Microscopic Polyangiitis, Eosinophilic GPA (Churg
Wegener's) • P-ANCA: Microscopic ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
to repair => Microscopic ... pathophysiology #symptoms #signs
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
eosinophiluria, microscopic ... AIN #Algorithm #nephrology
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
Casts on Urine Microscopy ... appreciated at low power ... compared to high power ... #Casts #Urine #Microscopy ... #Clinical #Nephrology
Suspected Celiac Disease - Diagnosis Algorithm

Celiac disease suspected:
 • Signs and symptoms of celiac disease
 •
suspected: • Signs ... discernable cause • Signs ... T1DM, Addisons, microscopic
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
cells on urine microscopy ... Extraglomerular - Lower ... with polyangiitis/microscopic
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... fresh at time of microscopy ... to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... key #diagnosis #nephrology