865 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... chordae Severe mitral ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... radiation #mitral ... #differential #cardiology
Isolated cleft in the posterior mitral valve leaflet can be a cause of unexplained mitral regurgitation
the posterior mitral ... valve leaflet can ... be a cause of unexplained ... mitral regurgitation ... Echocardiogram #clinical #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... tumors: Most common cause ... valve - Secondary ... #Causes #Primary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Pickelhaube Sign on Echocardiogram
Pickelhaube sign may be seen in mitral valve prolapse (MVP): High velocity (≥
may be seen in mitral ... valve prolapse ... prolapsing leaflets causes ... valve disease ( ... Echocardiogram #POCUS #cardiology
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
The tricuspid valve ... displaced than the mitral ... valve. ... commonest congenital cause ... Echocardiogram #cardiology
RA/CVP Waveform Interpretation

Central venous pressure (CVP) or right atrial pressure (RAP) waveform tracings can often times
RV), tricuspid valve ... “cannon waves” caused ... Success of mitral ... valve repair (ie ... Interpretation #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Physiologic Causes ... sclerosis (both heart valve ... Endocarditis • Mitral ... Regurgitation • Mitral ... #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
heart failure • Mitral ... valve prolapse ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... Mechanical prosthetic valve ... #Palpitations #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Prosthetic valve ... Involves aortic and mitral ... Septic Emboli Cause ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology