32 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... casts - Any type ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... CastsHyaline ... colored compounds (e.g ... #Urine #Microscopy ... interpretation #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... Assess UA w/ microscopy ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... Non-Gonococcal (e.g
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Workup History ... PLT in selected cases ... function test, ANA (e.g ... #Causes #Workup
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
can be seen on EKG ... First line treatment ... in refractory cases ... Pericarditis #Cardiology #Diagnosis
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology ... Chemotherapy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #hematology #microscopy ... #atlas #nomenclature
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Protein deposition (eg
Massive Hemoptysis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Definitions: 
   - Hemoptysis = bleeding from
Massive Hemoptysis - Diagnosis ... respiratory tract (e.g ... has potential to cause ... • Workup • General ... Interventions - Cold Saline
Common Vasopressors and Inotropes
Norepinephrine (NE)
 - Indication: Distributive shock (1st line for septic shock), Cardiogenic shock
Distributive shock (1st line ... is not desired (e.g ... is not desired (e.g ... Bradyarrhythmias, Some cases ... Inotropes #comparison #table