16 results
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... • Red cell casts ... casts - Any type ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... CastsHyaline ... colored compounds (e.g ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #diagnosis
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
dialysis indication (e.g ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Hypertonic saline ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Dysuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pyuria - Leukocytes on Dipstick/Microscopy
 - Bacteriuria & Hematuria -
Causes of Dysuria ... Algorithm Pyuria ... Pyelonephritis - WBC Casts ... Non-Gonococcal (e.g ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Shift Work) Sleep ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Disorders (Eg. ... • Medications (Eg ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
and Workup History ... PLT in selected cases ... function test, ANA (e.g ... (CVID, WAS), (neurologic ... #Causes #Workup
Bell's Palsy - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook

Acute Idiopathic Unilateral Facial Nerve (CN7) Palsy
Presentation:
and Workup: • ... No additional workup ... CNS inflammatory cause ... ) • EMG/NCS (rare ... Management #Treatment #Neurology
Invasive Aspergillus (IA) - Diagnosis and Management
Aspergillus is ubiquitous in nature. Most invasive infections are caused
infections are caused ... immunosuppression (eg ... Non-pigmented (hyaline ... sometimes have this morphology ... considered in certain cases